Use of Zyloprim (Allopurinol)

If Zyloprim (Allopurinol) upsets your stomach, it may be taken after meals. If stomach upset (indigestion, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or stomach pain) continues, check with your doctor.

In order for Zyloprim (Allopurinol) to help you, it must be taken regularly as ordered by your doctor.

To help prevent kidney stones while taking allopurinol, adults should drink at least 10 to 12 full glasses (8 ounces each) of fluids each day unless otherwise directed by their doctor. Check with the doctor about the amount of fluids that children should drink each day while receiving Zyloprim (Allopurinol). Also, your doctor may want you to take another medicine to make your urine less acidic. It is important that you follow your doctor's instructions very carefully.

For patients taking Zyloprim (Allopurinol) for chronic gout:

After you begin to take Zyloprim (Allopurinol) , gout attacks may continue to occur for a while. However, if you take Zyloprim (Allopurinol) regularly as directed by your doctor, the attacks will gradually become less frequent and less painful. After you have been taking Zyloprim (Allopurinol) regularly for several months, the attacks may stop completely.

Zyloprim (Allopurinol) is used to help prevent gout attacks. It will not relieve an attack that has already started. Even if you take another medicine for gout attacks, continue to take Zyloprim (Allopurinol) also.

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Dose of Zyloprim (Allopurinol)

The dose of Zyloprim (Allopurinol)will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label. The following information includes only the average doses of allopurinol. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.

The number of tablets of Zyloprim (Allopurinol) that you take each day and the number of times that you take the medicine every day depend on the strength of the medicine, on the dose that you need, and on the reason you are taking Zyloprim (Allopurinol). Up to 300 milligrams (mg) of Zyloprim (Allopurinol)can be taken at one time. Doses larger than 300 mg a day should be divided into smaller amounts that are taken two, three, or even four times a day.

For tablets of Zyloprim (Allopurinol) for Gout

Adults: At first, most people will take 100 mg a day. After about a week, your doctor will probably increase the dose gradually until the amount of uric acid in your blood has been lowered to normal levels. The total amount of Zyloprim (Allopurinol)is usually not more than 800 mg a day. After the uric acid has remained at normal levels for a while, your doctor may lower your dose gradually until you are taking the smallest amount of medicine that will keep the uric acid from increasing again.
Children and teenagers: Use and dose must be determined by the doctor.

Zyloprim (Allopurinol) for kidney stones:

Adults: 100 to 800 mg a day, depending on the kind of kidney stones.

Children and teenagers: Use and dose must be determined by the doctor.

For preventing or treating medical problems that may occur if certain treatments increase the amount of uric acid in the blood:

Adults: 600 to 800 mg a day, starting one to three days before the treatment.

Children: The dose depends on the child's age:

• Children up to 6 years of age: 50 mg (one-half of a 100-mg tablet) three times a day.
• Children 6 to 10 years of age: One 100-mg tablet three times a day or one 300-mg tablet a day.
• Children 11 years of age and older: The dose may be the same as for adults.

Zyloprim (Allopurinol) for the parenteral dosage form (injection):

For preventing or treating medical problems that may occur if certain treatments increase the amount of uric acid in the blood:

Adults: 200 to 400 mg per square meter of body surface area (mg/m2) a day, injected into a vein. Starting one to two days before treatment, this dose may be given as a single dose or divided into smaller doses as determined by your doctor. Your doctor will check your uric acid level and may change your dose based on the level. However, the dose is usually not more than 600 mg per day.

Children: At first, 200 mg per square meter of body surface area (mg/m2) per day, injected into a vein. Starting one to two days before treatment, this dose may be given as a single dose or divided into smaller doses as determined by your doctor . Your doctor will check your uric acid level and may change your dose based on the level.

Missed dose of Zyloprim (Allopurinol)

If you miss a dose of Zyloprim (Allopurinol), take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.

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Storage of Zyloprim (Allopurinol)

• Keep Zyloprim (Allopurinol) out of the reach of children.
• Store Zyloprim (Allopurinol) away from heat and direct light.
• Do not store Zyloprim (Allopurinol) tablets in the bathroom, near the kitchen sink, or in other damp places. Heat or moisture may cause Zyloprim (Allopurinol) to break down.
• Do not keep outdated Zyloprim (Allopurinol) or Zyloprim (Allopurinol) tablets that are no longer needed.
• Be sure that any discarded Zyloprim (Allopurinol) is out of the reach of children.

Precautions While Using Zyloprim (Allopurinol)

Your doctor should check your progress at regular visits. Blood tests may be needed to make sure that Zyloprim (Allopurinol) is working properly and is not causing unwanted effects.

Drinking too much alcohol may increase the amount of uric acid in the blood and lessen the effects of allopurinol. Therefore, people with gout and other people with too much uric acid in the body should be careful to limit the amount of alcohol they drink.

Taking too much vitamin C may make the urine more acidic and increase the possibility of kidney stones forming while you are taking allopurinol. Therefore, check with your doctor before you take vitamin C while taking Zyloprim (Allopurinol).

Check with your doctor immediately:

If you notice a skin rash, hives, or itching while you are taking allopurinol.
If chills, fever, joint pain, muscle aches or pains, sore throat, or nausea or vomiting occur, especially if they occur together with or shortly after a skin rash.
Very rarely, these effects may be the first signs of a serious reaction to the medicine.

Zyloprim (Allopurinol)may cause some people to become drowsy or less alert than they are normally. Make sure you know how you react to Zyloprim (Allopurinol) before you drive, use machines, or do anything else that could be dangerous if you are not alert.

Side Effects of Zyloprim (Allopurinol)

Stop taking Zyloprim (Allopurinol) and check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:

More common
Skin rash or sores, hives, or itching

Rare
Black, tarry stools; bleeding sores on lips; blood in urine or stools; chills, fever, muscle aches or pains, nausea, or vomiting: especially if occurring with or shortly after a skin rash; difficult or painful urination; pinpoint red spots on skin; redness, tenderness, burning, or peeling of skin; red and/or irritated eyes; red, thickened, or scaly skin; shortness of breath, troubled breathing, tightness in chest, or wheezing; sores, ulcers, or white spots in mouth or on lips; sore throat and fever; sudden decrease in amount of urine; swelling in upper abdominal (stomach) area; swelling of face, fingers, feet, or lower legs ; swollen and/or painful glands; unusual bleeding or bruising; unusual tiredness or weakness; weight gain (rapid); yellow eyes or skin

Also, check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur:

Rare
Loosening of fingernails; numbness, tingling, pain, or weakness in hands or feet; pain in lower back or side; unexplained nosebleeds

Other side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. However, check with your doctor if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome:

Less common or rare
Diarrhea; drowsiness; headache; indigestion; nausea or vomiting occurring without a skin rash or other side effects; stomach pain occurring without other side effects; unusual hair loss.

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